Fuel separator and vaporizer



Dec. 29,1925. 1,567,808

F. C. MUCK ET AL FUEL SEPARATORAND VAPORIZER Filed oct. 24, 1921 5Sheets-Sheet 1 J15 -huzmtals M Lima W042i: Cfiamaler fly m, m Vie.flilatmeyly F. C.'MOCK ET AL FUEL SEPARATOR AND VAPORIZER Dec. 29 1925-Filed Oct. 24, 192; 5 Sheetsl-Sheet '2 i O n o Dec. .29, 1925' F. C.MOCK ET AL FUEL SEPARATOR AND VAPORIZER 5 Shts-Sheet s Filed Oct. 24,1921 'hwmuwa" [2042i C Mafifi ffidta/n 50102111181 mega Dec. 29, 1925. 71,567,808

F. c. MOCK ET AL FUEL SEPARATOR, AND VAPORIZER Filed 001;. 24, -l92l 5Sheets-Sheet 4 Dec. 29, 1925- 1,567,808 F. c. MOCK ET AL A FUELSEPARATOR AND VAPORIZER Filed Oct. 24, 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 mmiord [1 WCQ/Yonlr v I Minn 5 C/Zamaler Patented De 29, 1925. 2

UNITED STATES 1,567,808 PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK G. MOOK AND MILTON E. CHANDLER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR S'I'O STROMBERG MOTOR DEVICES COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ACORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

FUEL SEPABATOR AND VAPORIZEB.

Application filed October 24, 1921- Serial No. 509,809.

To all whom it may c0n'cern:-

Be it known that we, FRANK C. MOCK and MILTON E. CHANDLER, citizens ofthe United States, both residing at Chicago, in l the county of Cook andState of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inFuel Separators and Vaporizers, of which the following is a full, clear,concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, forming a part of this specification;

The present invention relates to fuel sep arators and Vaporizers forinternal combustion engines.

Owing to the continued tendency of gasoline or other liquid fuelsavailable for the operation of internal combustion engines to decreasein volatility, there is an urgent demand for fuel treating apparatuswhich will conveniently and economically utilize all of the fuel byvolatilizing the fuel particles of'l owvolatility or the heavy ends ofthe fuel as they are commonly called.-

' The failure to volatilize and burn them heavy ends results in adetrimental crankcase oil dilution and premature wear in the enginehearings .in addition to the well,

known starting and accelerating difliculties and loss of economy. Thevaporization of these heavy ends by the application of heat has been themost successful solution advanced thus far. In the manner of applyingthis heat to the heavy ends of the uel, however, numerous difficultieshave been encountered. It has become evident from past development thatheat application through the medium of the air component of the mixtureis only a mild and inadequate method of heat application and verydetrimental to the volumetric efficiency and power outputboilingtemperatures approximating 450 F.-

or more) and accordingly recourse has been had to means for producing amore direct intermediate engine speeds is approximately 1/25th second itwill be apparent that the time required to vaporize the heavy ends of acharge is considerably longer than that available at this rate ofoperation. Consequently. it is necessary toprovide for delaying thepassage of these heavy ends to they cylinder in order to supplysuflicient heat for' their vaporization. It is further desirablethat'the devices for accomplishing this end impose aminimum resistanceto the flow ofthemixture to the engine, otherwise they will decrease'thevolumetric efficiency .and power output of the engine.

The general theory of operation of the related devicesiof the prior artis to draw the mixture into a separating ,chamber where it is set up ina vortex or involute whirl which throws out the heavier particlesof'fuel by centrifugal force. These heavier particles are treatedaccording to various methods, being usually retained incontact or beingrecirculated into'contact, with a heated surface until vaporized. Thema-.'

jority of'these rior constructions have the disadvantage o .heating theair component undesirably by-reason of their action-of circulating ormoving the air in direct contact with the heating surface or in suchrelation as to receive the radiant heat therefronn These prior devicesare furthermore objectionable in that they impose considerableresistance to the flow of mixture, and thus result in a considerablereduction in the air density ofthe mixture flowing to the enginecylinder. This disadvantage is inherent in the manner in which themixture is drawn' from the separating chamber into theengine cylinder.The whirling motion to which the mixture is subjected in the involute orvortex chamber increases the density of the outer strata of mixtureowing to the centrifugal force tending to expand the mixture outwardlyagainst the outer wall, and this obviously decreases the density of theinner strata of mixture to a relatively low pressure. In these priorconstructions the mixture is usually drawn from the center of thewhirling chamber at the point where the mixture has the least densityand where there is a comparatively high suction. This obviously imposesconsiderable resistance to the flow of mixture to the engine andmaterially reduces the quantity of charge obtainable by the motor athigh speeds. A further disadvantage of this practice lies in the factthat the kinetic energy which is stored up in the whirling mass ofmixture is lost by the practice of drawing the charge from the center ofthe vortex, this requiring the dissipation of the kinetic energy 'in thegas in order that it can be drawn inwardly to the central outlet port.

It is one of the fundamental objects of the present invention to providea construction of fuel separator and vaporizer wherein the heavy endsand all unvolatilized particles of fuel are separated out of the mainbody of air or mixture and are subjected to the requisite vaporizingtemperature without the. objectionable heating of the air.

It is a further object to provide a construction wherein the supply ofmixture to the engine will be drawn from the region of maximum densityin the device and without loss of kinetic energy in the whirling body ofmixture. This object is attained by drawing the mixture from the outerstrata of the whirlingmass, either through an out let extendingsubstantially tangentially in the direction of whirl, or, what is itsequivalent, through a lateral outlet into which the high velocitymixture from the outer strata of the whirling volume is deflected. Bythis arrangement a mixture charge of maximum density is drawn into theengine cylinders, and the velocity and kinetic energy of the whirlingbody of gas is continued into the intake manifold to the cylinders,thereby reducing the resistance to air flow to the cylinder to anegligible quantity.

A further object of the present invention is to maintain an effectiveseparating function by causing the liquids and gases to flow laterallyaway from each other in opposite directions along or relative to thewalls of the whirling chamber, the liquids being preferably gravitateddownwardly along this wall and the gases raised upwardly under theaction of the engine suction. The mixture outlet from the whirlingchamber is disposed in a plane which is elevated above the plane of theinlet so that there is minimum possibility of any of the unatomized orunvaporized particles of fuel reaching this outlet. The gravitationaldisposes of returning the gaseous products'of the vaporized fuelparticles from the segregating and vaporizing chamber to'the mixtureentering the engine, we. contemplate creating a restricted circulationof a portion of the gases down into the segregating and vaporizingchamber for the purpose of picking up the vaporized combustibleproducts, and then recirculating these gases up into the whirling volumeof mixture discharging from the device. This fuel segre 8 gating andvaporizing chamber is thermally insulated against radiation of heat tothe main body of air, thus preventing transfer of heat to the air eitherby conduction or radiation. Owing to the relatively low tem- 9D peratureat which the air is kept the vapor created in this vaporizing chamber,upon rejoining the air. charge, is usually condensed into a fine fog inthe intake manifold, which fog is so finely divided as to immediatelyvaporize again in the cylinders on the compression stroke.

The "fuel segregating and vaporizing chamber functions to retain theheavy ends of the fuel in subjection to heat until they have becomevaporized, and this, as prelv'iously pointed out, involves a delay intheir passage to the engine cylinders. In this regard we have provided apreliminary heating surface which has unique cooperation with the fuelsegregating and vaporizing chamber to the end of increasing theflexibility of the motor notwithstanding the delayed passage of fuelcaused by the fuel segregating and vaporizing chamber. This preliminaryheating surface is preferably in the nature of a hot spotp'ositioned toreceive the impinging particles-of fuel as they enter the present devicefrom the carbureter. This hot spot ispreferably limited in area in orderthat it will vaporizev only the more volatile particles of fuel,.for thereason that if this hot spot were made sufliciently large to volatilizethe heavy/ends and all of the fuel particles, it would produce theundesirable heating of the. air previously referred to. It will thus beseen that this preliminary hot spot and the segregating and vaporizingchamber cooperate by the action of thepreliminary hot spot vaporizingthe more volatile particles of fuel and the vaporizing chamber vaporiz--ing the less volatile particles of fuel which must be retained indelayed contact with aheating surface. During periods of ac taken on theplane of the line of.

* tilizer;

celeration, particularly when the device is associated with ,acarbureter having an ac-,

celerating'well or other temporary fuel enriching means, the quantity ofthese unvolatili zed fuel particles is increased. The correlationbetween the preliminary, hot spot and the Va orizing chamber increasesthe flexibility 0 the motor during these periods by virtue of thepreliminary hot spot vaporizing the unvolati'lized particles of thisincreased charge and maintaining the temporary richness of the mixtureover the period of delay incident in the vaporizing action of thevaporizing chamber.

Other more specific objects and advantages will hereinafter appear. Onegeneral embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings in wh ch:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary elevational view of an internal combustionmotor illustrating our device applied thereto View through the fuelseparator and vola-,

, Figure 3 s a horizontal sectional view Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a similar sectional view taken on the plane of the line 4-.4of Figure 2;

Figure 4; is a 'fragmentary view illustrating the fuel uiding plate;

3' Figure 5 1s afragmentary vertical sectional View taken on the planeof the line 55 of Figure 4;

Figure 6 isa view similar to'Figure 2, illustrating a'modifiedform;

Figure 7 is a horizontal sectional view taken on'the plane of the line77 of Fig ure 6; I

Figure 8 is a-vertical sectional view of another modified form; t

Figure 9 is a horizontal sectional View thereof taken on the plane ofthe line 99; and

Figure 10 is a vertical sectional view of still another form of thedevice. Referring to Figure 1, the presentfuelseparating andvolatilizing device, which is designatedlO inits entiret is supportedjointly by the'intake mani old 11 and an exhaust conduit 12 receivingthe exhaust gasesfrom the exhaust manifold 13. 'A suitable design ofcarbureter 14 (preferably having a horizontal outlet) may be mounted onthe device 10 to deliver mixture thereto. The outlet from the fuelseparating and vaporizing device has directconnection with the intakemanifold 11. The bottom portion of the device 10 has connection in theexhaust conduit 12 for the flow of exhaust gases therethrough inproximity to the vaporizing chamber, the connections for this exhaust"circulation being arranged as indicated for the circulation of theentire volume of the exhaust gases; or being arranged in shunt of theexhaust conduit 013., in a similar relation thereto whereby the-" volumeof exhaust gases flowing through the 1 separating and vaporizing devicecan be 7 readily controlled.

The comb'ned fuel separating and volatil- I izing chamber is built'up oflower, intermediate and upper horizontal sections 15, 16 and 17,respectively, which are connected to' 7 gether by a bolt 18 extendingthrough the. several sections and projecting from the bottom of thelower section 15. to receive a nut 19. The lower section 15 isconstructed as" a bowl'shaped casting consisting of a cylindpi- '80 calwall 21 and a curved bottom 22. This casting is formed withdiametricallyopposite inlet and outlet connections 23 and 24; forconnection in the exhaust conduit 12; the sectional view of Figure 2"looking at the device from'the opposite side from that viewed in Fig. 1,which accounts for the apparently reversed circulation of the exhaustases through the connections 23 and 24. The upper edge of the wall 21isformed 9 with a peripheral flan e 25 adapted to cooperate with asimilar 'ange 26 on the lower" edge of theintermediate section 16, ears28v on these flanges being adapted to receive cap screws or bolts forjoining the two sec- 5 I per. The curved bottom 32 of this 'she 1 0which is formed with concentric corrugations 33 for increasing theeffective heating area thereof, constitutes the top of the circularexhaust gas chamber 34 and the bottom of the circular fuel vaporizingchamber 35. The center of the corrugated bottom 32 is apertured toreceive the tubular clamping nut 36 which threads-down into a boss 37and closes the bottom of this sheet metal shell against leakage aroundthe tie bolt 18. It will be noted that this mounting of the shell 31permits'of its convenient removal for cleaning or substitution. Inaddition to increasing the effective heating .areaof the vaporizingchamber 35, the cor rugations 33 constitute a series of separate pocketsfor receiving and distributing the entrained particle of fuel uniformlyover the entire heating surface, it being noted that the relatively thinsection of this heata purpose which we shall presently describe. Thisdisk or shield is preferably constructed of successive laminations ofmetal 40 and asbestos or other heating insulating material 40 forminimizing the amount of heat radiated up into the separating chamber.

The intermediate casing section 16 consists of a cylindricalwall 43formed at one side with a tangential or involut-e intake passageway 44.This intake passageway is flanged as indicated at 45 to receive theconventional flange 46 on the mixture outlet of the carbureter. Theintake passageway 44 may, if desired, be formed with a constricteddischarge opening t? for accelerating the velocity of the mixture as itenters the device. A relatively small hot spot 48 is formed on the outerwall of the inlet passageway ia in proximity to the discharge opening'17, in proper position for receiving the impinging particles ofunatomized fuel entering the inlet passageway from the carbureter.\Vhere the constricted outlet 47 is formed in this passageway, themixture, and particularly the heavier fuel particles, are crowded overagainst the hot spot in for vaporization of these fuel particles. Thespot 48 is heated by a branch conduit 49, which, as shown in Fig. 5,extends upwardly from the exhaust gas chamber 34.

During certain operating conditions there I is a tendency for aconsiderable quantity of the fuel to enter the inlet passageway -H'. inliquid condition, which fuel enters the separating chamber 52 by runningalong the walls of the inlet passageway and discharging from the edgesor shoulders :"JOat the intersection of the inlet passageway andseparating chamber. The globules of liquid fuel have a-tendency to tearor whip otf these shoulders into the air stream, particularly from theupper or inclined shoulders from which a dripaction can occur. Thisaction is undesirable for there is the possibility of these largeglobules of fuel being drawn into the engine by the air stream.Accordingly, we have provided an inclined lip 51 (Figure 4 which extendsdiagonallv down from the highest point of the throat outlet 47 intocoincidence with the circular wall of the separating chamber inorder toguide thestream of liquid fuel down upon the walls of the chamberwithout allowing it to be whipped off into the air streann This diagonallip may be cast integral at the throat outlet 4-7 or it may constitutepart of a plate 51 which is suitably fastened to the circular wall ofthe separating chamber as shown. This guiding lip is preferably arrangedto form a channel directly in its rear to receive and guide onto thewalls of the separating chamber any stream of fuel flowing along theinner or bottom walls of the inlet passageway at.

The upper part of the whirling chainber is defined in the upper casingsection 17 which is flanged as. indicated at 541- to be secured totheupper flange 55 on the'iritermediate casing section 16, these twoflange: being provided with matching lugs 28 for the reception of capscrews or the like, and having an interposed gasket 56 for sealing thejoint. This upper casing section consists of a central web 57 and aperipheral channel portion 58 of inverted U-shaped cross section whichis open at the bottom and which rises in vertical dimension as itprogresses towards the tangential mixture outlet 59. The'upper and lowerportions 53 and 52 of the whirling chamber are connected through anannular passageway 61 defined between inner and outer sheet metal shells62 and (S3. The inner shell 62 is seecured by rivets 64 to the casingweb 57 and is tapered inwardly at its center to snugly embrace thetie-bolt 18. The outer shell 63 has a central inlet opening (35 at itslowor end, and at its upper end is formed with a horizontal flange 66,forming part of the floor of the chamber portion :38, and is also formedwith a vertical flange 67 by which the shell is suitably secured to thecasing 16-47. The outer ed e of the shell 62 is spaced from the flange dportion 66 to form the curved outlet (38 which is tapered sim; ilarly toa venturi configuration and which opens into the bottom of the chamberportion 53 throughout substantially the entire circumference of thechamber. The channeled chamber portion 53 increases in Width as well asin height progressively towards the mixture outlet 69 so that theresulting chamber or passageway is of tapering-form rising in a helicalcurve towards the tangential mixture outlet 59. This outlet is flangedas indicated at 69 for connecting with the conventional manifold flange.

As the mixture enters the device through the intake passageway 44 theinertia of the heavier, unatomized particles of fuel results in theirimpingement against the hot spot 48, so that these fuel particles willbe subjected to'a brief vaporizing action immediately upon egress fromthe carbureter, but without involving undue heating of the air. Thelighter, more volatile particles of fuel are vaporized on this hot spotand pass off into the mixture for immediate conveyance to the enginecylinders, while the heavier ends pass into the separating chamber 52-53 where they are separated out on the walls of the chamber forprecipitation into the fuel segregating and vaporizing chamber- 35. Thecarbureter 14 will be presumed to' have an accelerating well or someother equivalent fuel enriching device for acceleration, and it shouldbe noted that during this period the quantity of unvolatilizedfuel isincreased with the increased richness of mixture. At this time it isdesirable that device.

the increased richness of mixture or a considerable proportion thereofbe immediately conveyed to the engine to obtain the desiredresponsiveness and it will be noted that to this end the hot spot 48immediately vaporizes a considerable proportion of the unvolatilizedparticles of the increased charge for direct conveyance in the mixturestream. This hot spot also tends to prevent the drop in temperaturewhich usually occurs with the sudden discharge of the contents of theaccelerating well into the mixture stream.

The mixture entering the whirling chamber tangentially produces a highvelocity vortex motion which throws the heavier fuel particles out intocontact with the walls 43, from whence the accumulation of fuel drainsdownwardly into the vaporizing chamber 35. The air with its volatilizedfuel is then drawn inwardly to the opening 65, the mixture stillretaining its whirling or involutemotion. This motion continues upthrough the annular. passageway 61 and into the chamber area 53, fromwhence the whirling mixture is drawn ofi' tangentially throughthe outletpassageway 59. The upper chamber area 53 is illustrated as being of thesame diameter as the lower chamber area 52 for compactness of form andsimplicity of construction, although it is to be understood that thisupper chamber area may be extended to a greater diameter if desired forincreasing the centrifugal effect therein. This also applies to theother forms to be later described. In the construction illustrated thecontraction of the whirling vortex occuring in the annular passageway 61constitutes a balanced point in the contained body of mixture for thereason that the outwardly expanding centrifugal force occuring abovethis passageway substantially balances the retarding effect tending torestrain the inward contraction of the vortex below the passageway. Asabove intimated, however, by proportioning the respective diameters ofthe upper and lower chamber areas 53' and 52 different effects may beobtained. The kinetic energy created in the whirling volume of mixtureis retained up into the upper chamber area 53 and .out into the intakemanifold by reason of the tangential arrangement of the outletpassageway 59, and obviously this outlet draws mixture from a point ofmaximum density in the The ascension of the mixture into theintermediate passageway 61 creates an upward draft through the openings42 and the expansion of the mixture along the walls 43 produces alimited downward circulas tion of mixture intov the vaporizing chamber.These together create a circulation of a limited volume of the mixturedown through the annular. opening 41 and through the vaporizing chamber35 and upwardly through the openings 42, to join the ascending body ofmixture. The annular film of in the vaporizing chamber and unites thesame with the main volume of mixture ascending through the passageway61.

As an alternative construction, the inter-' mediate passageway 61 withits openings 65 and 68 may be eliminated as shown in Figures 6 and 7. Inthis arrangement, the outer strata of mixture remains inv contact withthe outer walls of the whirling chamber and rises into the helicalportion 53 without undergoing any contraction of the vortex. The'tanential outlet 59 receives the outer strata o mixtureof maximum densitydirectly from. the chamber portion 53, and, as before, the kineticenergy created in the vortex of mixture is retained into the intakemanifold. As in the previous enibodi-- the walls 43, the volatilizedfuel ascending with the air up into the chamber portion 53 and theheavier fuel particles descending under a gravitational discharge downinto the vaporizing chamber 35.

As shown in Figures 8 and 9, a tangential discharge of the mixture maybe obtained. by deflecting the mixture out of the chamber byvanes or thelike, which project into a reglon of maximum density and avoid loss ofkinetic energy. As shown in the latter form, the outlet discharge occursthrough an outlet conduit 72. This discharge conduit is flared outwardlyat its lower end as indicated at "73, where it is formed with a flange 74, adapted for bolting to the upper flange 55 of the intermediate casingsection. A circular plate or disk 75 is spaced from the bell shapedportion 7 3' to provide an annular passageway 7 6 therebetween, thisplate having a plurality of vanes 77 formed around its circumference onthe under side thereof. A shell 7 O contracts the vortex of mixture andguides the same outwardly into the vanes 7 7, the shell 7 O closelyfitting the bottoms of the vanes. As shown in-Figure 9, the leadingedges 78 of these vanes extend forwardly against the motion of themixture so as to throw the intercepted mixture outwardly into the planeof the annular passageway 76. If desired the outer ends of these vanesmay also be scooped with their lower edges extending forwardl so as tothrow the mixture u wardly t rough the annular passageway 6 under itsown kinetic energy. In the operation of this embodiment the separationof the unvolatilized particles is effected as before described, andthereafter the whirling mixture upon encountering the vanes 77 is thrownoutwardly. and upwardly with sufficient inertia to discharge the mixturethrough the passageway 76 without loss of density of kinetic energy.

83''83 on the casing sections 84: and 85.

The lower edge of the shell 81 is preferably formed with an outwardslope 86 which serves to deflect the liquid fuel accumulating on theshell down into the vaporizing chamber 35 in a particular manner whichwe shall presently describe.

As we previously emphasized, it is very desirable to avoid undue heatingof the air, but at the same time a high temperature in the vaporizingchamber isessential to the effective vaporization of the heavy ends ofthe fuel. The relatively thin, sheet metal bottom 32' of the vaporizingchamber may attain a luminous temperature with consequent rapid heattransfer by radiation and conduction. As before described, the shield ordisk 38 of asbestos and metal minimizes the radiation of heat to themain body of air. The walls of the separating chamber tend .to becomequite hot by direct heat conduction from-the vaporizing surface 32..

To minimize the heating of the air result ing from'conta'ct with thesewalls there is provided a sheet metal shell 87 in immediate spacedrelation to the outer walls of the channel area, this shell maintaininga film of air or mixture between the walls of the channel and the shell.-The mixture enters through aligned openings in the chan nel wall and inthe shelL- the opening in the shell being indicated at 88, and thence'revolves around in contact with the inner wall of the shell 87 to avoidcontact with thewalls of the casing section 84-. Theshell87 is suspendedby an upper flange 89 which is suitably secured to the upper wall of theare occasioned splashing drops which-do not follow the law ofcentrifugal actionbut get on the inner side rather than on the outerside of the mixture passages and tend thence to be carried up to themotor. We

have found that in addition-to the use of.

centrifugal force it is necessary to provide means whereby these dropswill-be drawn off or led off into the vaporizing chamber, similarly tothe action of the inclined lip 51, and the idea and manner of drawingoff these extra drops is quite an important part,

of the invention. Many variations in construction are possible butthe'yatl comprehend the use of an-edge, wire, surface,

groove or equivalent arrangement for guiddicated at 92 to counteract thetendency of v the liquid fuel to: pyramid at this point. The mixturewhirling upwardly through the cylindrical shell 81 expands outwardlyinto the upper chamber area 93 which is of substantially the same radiusas the lower channelarea 80. From this point the vortex of mixture isdischarged through the usual tangential outlet 59 previously described.

It will be obvious that various changes may be made in the generalembodiment hereinbefore described without departing from the essence ofthe invention, as set forth in the appended claims.

\Ve claim: I

1. A fuel separator and vaporizer comprising a chamber, a substantiallytangen-- tial inlet assa ewa -o )emn mto said.

(-hambm: and imparting a whirling'motion to the mixture therein, anoutlet passageway leading from said chamber above said inlet passageway,21. fuel vaporizing surface in the end of said chamber below said inletpassageway, means for heating said surface, and a baiflo membercomprising heat insulating material interposed between the whirlingvolume of mixture and said Vaporizingsurface, said ballie permittingt-heprocipitatio'n of fuel particles to said vaporizing surface along thewalls of said chamber, the separated fuel collecting on said vaporizingsurface being trapped against return to the mixture stream except byvaporization. v i

2. A separator and vaporizer having a separating chamber separatinglarge fuel particles out of the mixture stream by causing a change indirection of flow of said mixture stream, a vaporizing chamber, theseparated fuel particles having a gravitational discharge from saidseparating chamber down into said vaporizing chamber, said vaporizingchamber being removed from the path of the main body of mixture streamand being closed to trap fuel therein against return to the mixturestream except by vaporization, means for heating a portion of saidvaporizing chamber, and means for insulating the main body of themixture stream from the radiant heat from said heated portion.

3. A separator and vaporizer comprising a housing having a horizontallyextending intake and 'a horizontally extending outlet, a separatingchamber in said housing arranged to produce a change in the direction offlow of the main body of the mixture entering through said inlet, avaporizing chamber in said housing below said separating chamber toreceive the separated fuel particles by gravitational discharge, saidvaporizing chamber being removed from the path of the main body ofmixture stream, an exhaust chamber for heating the bottom of saidvaporizing chamber to return the separated fuel back to the mixturestream in vapor form, and heat insulating means for preventing thetransmission of heat from the heated portion of said vaporizing chambertothe main body of themixture stream.

4. A separator and vaporizer comprising a mixture passageway adapted forcirculating the mixture for an internal combustion engineya fuelseparating chamber constituting part of said passageway, a vaporizingsurface for vaporizing the fuel particles separated out of the mixturein said chamber, said vaporizing surface trapping the separated fuelagainst return to the mixture stream except by vaporization, and a heatinsulating baflle for preventing the main volume of mixture fromcontacting with said vaporizing surface.

5. A fuel vaporizer comprising a chamber having a substantiallyhorizontal inlet and 6. A fuel vaporizer comprising a chamber rectingthe fuel particles onto said plate, a 66 I heat insulating battle forpreventing the mixture from reaching said plate, said out: let beingconcentric with said: chamber for receiving the mixture after the fuelis discharged from below said baffle, and said outlet being tangentialthrough said peripheral channel' 7. A-vaporizer for an internalcombustion engine comprising a chamber having a heated bottom surface,means for whirling the mixture in said chamber to create a vortex and tothrow the heavier particles of fuel. therein against the side walls ofsaid chamber, the fuel adhearing to said side walls and g-ravitating tosaid heated surface for vaporization thereon, a heat insi'ilating baflleabove said heated surface preventing the mixture from coming in contactwith said surface, and said baffle having an opening therein permittingthe vapor produced on said surface to rise and rejoin the mixture at thevortex of the whirl.

8. In a separator and vaporizer, the combination of a separating chamberarranged to produce a change in the i'lirection of fl ow 8 of a fuelmixture stream, a vaporizing pare closing the lower end of said chamber,

means for heating said pan, the fuel particles thrown from the mixtureflowing down the chamber walls to said pan to be vapor- .ized, a heatinsulating baflle member separating said chamber from said panexcept fora narrow annular gapbetween the chamber wall and the baffle memberperiphery whereby the mixture in said chamber will be hcat insnlatcdfrom said pan, means permitting the vaporized fuel from returning fromthe pan into the mixture stream, and an outlet from said chamber for themixture.

In witness whereof we hereunto subscribe our names this 21st day ofOctober, 1921.

FRANK O. MOCK,

MILTON E. CHANDLER.

